Cases: Central Hardwoods

A Comparison of Clearcut with Reserves and Shelterwood Harvest and Two Different Log Skidding Techniques on Oak Regeneration (MN DNR)
44.108, -91.988
Regenerate a mature red oak stand to a young stand of similar composition, comparing clearcut and shelterwood methods.
A Comparison of Establishment Methods for Northern Red Oak Regeneration in a Southern Dry-Mesic Oak Forest (MN DNR)
44.1795, -91.9163
Regenerate a mature red oak stand to a young stand of similar composition.
A Comparison of Oak Regeneration Methods in Mille Lacs Uplands Subsection (MN DNR)
46.04432, -93.56044
Establish oak regeneration while comparing several different silvicultural strategies and techniques.
Abundant Red and White Oak Regeneration after Clearcut With Reserves on a Southern Dry-Mesic Oak Forest (MN DNR)
43.626735, -91.304481
Regenerate a mature oak stand to a young stand of similar composition.
Comparison of plant diversity and regeneration between adjoining unharvested and harvested mesic hardwood stands in southeastern Minnesota (MN DNR)
44.06028, -91.97694
Retain oak and walnut in the future mesic hardwood stand and minimize loss of plant diversity due to timber harvesting in a MHs39b plant community.
Controlling reed canary grass with prescribed burning followed by direct seeding and planting (Private Land)
43.846417, -92.18994
Use a prescribed burn followed by direct seeding to return a reed canary grass area to bottomland hardwood.
Converting Agricultural Land Through Hardwood Direct Seeding (private land)
43.634511, -91.499047
Convert agricultural land to new Central Hardwoods stand.
Converting box elder and reed canary grass to bottomland hardwood-dominated communities (Private Land)
43.842362, -92.18504
To return areas with dense reed canary grass to bottomland hardwood forests.
Deer Exclosure Effects on Mesic Oak Forest in St. Croix State Forest (MN DNR)
46.101808, -92.481827
To use a two-cut shelterwood system with deer browse protection (exclosures) to maintain northern red oak as a component of Central Dry-Mesic Oak-Aspen-Red Maple Forest
Establishing red pine and controlling buckthorn with mechanical site prep (MN DNR)
45.398925, -93.712896
Reduce buckthorn and other shrub competition and establish planted red pine seedlings in a recently harvested oak stand transitioning to oak-pine mixed species stand
Oak and Black Walnut Regeneration through a Clearcut with Reserves Harvest in a Southern Dry-Mesic Oak Forest (MN DNR)
44.1426, -92.0103
Regenerate a mature oak and walnut stand to a young stand with similar composition, while improving growth and timber quality of residuals.
Oak Regeneration Success but Recruitment Failure after Clearcut with Reserves on a Southern Dry-Mesic Oak Forest (MN DNR)
44.52316, -92.55608
Regenerate a mature oak stand to a young stand of similar composition using clearcut with reserves method.
Oak Scarification Trials using Good Neighbor Authority (USFS/WDNR)
45.209418, -88.360515
Promote mixed oak-pine stands for quality sawtimber and wildlife habitat associated with the Northern Dry-Mesic Forest natural community. Test various mechanical scarification techniques to create favorable seedbeds and increase oak and white pine regen.
Oak Wilt Control on the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest Using the Root Rupture Method (USFS)
45.35, -88.433333
Cost effective and operationally feasible control of oak wilt in a forested setting.
Oak Wilt Management Through Girdle Herbicide (Marathon Co)
44.860534, -89.724711
Stop the spread of an active oak wilt pocket in order to maintain oaks into the future
Oak Wilt Treatments in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula (State of Michigan)
45.783895, -87.900753
To use root-severing trenching to control oak wilt in forested settings in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula.
Pottery Clay Piles Shelterwood with Deer Browse Control (St. John's)
45.582931, -94.37608
Retain red and white oak as the dominant species in a mixed hardwood forest.
Pre-harvest Underplanting and Clearcut with Reserves Harvest for Oak and Black Walnut Regeneration in a Southern Dry-Mesic Oak Forest (MN DNR)
44.107258, -91.849965
Regenerate a mature oak stand to a young stand of similar composition.
Pre-harvest Underplanting and Clearcut with Reserves Harvest for Oak/Black Walnut Regeneration on 3 NPCs in the Lewiston Forestry Area (MNDNR)
43.597623, -91.318812
Regenerate a mature oak stand to a young stand of similar composition.
Pre-Harvest Underplanting for Oak and Walnut Regeneration on a Southern Dry-Mesic Oak Forest Plant Community on the Whitewater Wildlife Management Area (MN DNR)
44.173115, -92.008917
Regenerate a mature oak stand to a young stand with similar species makeup following a prescription of: underplanting of oak and walnut seedlings 2 to 3 years before harvest; clearcut with reserves harvest; post-sale killing of competing tree stems.
Regenerating Northern Red Oak After Salvage Using Bud Caps, Cages, and Brushsaw Treatment (MN DNR)
46.956389, -93.715833
To increase the quality and stocking of northern red oak and saplings at the site through the protection of bud caps to reduce browsing, and limit competitor species such as, aspen, ironwood and beaked hazelnut.
Seed Tree Regeneration Harvest for Oak and Hickory (WI DNR)
43.028782, -90.842558
The goal of this harvest is to regenerate the oak/hickory type, encouraging all oak species.
Underplanting for Oak/ Black Walnut Regeneration in a Southern Dry-Mesic Oak Forest NPC on the Buelow Unit (MN DNR)
43.859526, -91.467463
Regenerate a mature oak stand to a young stand of similar composition.
Variable Establishment, Growth and Health of Hardwoods Direct Seeded onto Two Former Agricultural Fields (MN DNR)
43.907925, -92.340917
Establish a mixed hardwood forest with strong walnut and oak components on a former agricultural field.
Vegetation response 30 years after initiating a two-step oak shelterwood in central mesic hardwoods (MN DNR)
45.831715, -94.653849
To use a two-cut shelterwood system to maintain a significant oak presence in a future mixed hardwood stand.
Cover type
Adaptive silviculture options
Site preparation method
Soil texture
Silviculture system
Forest health threats
Post-treatment view of a pre-commercial thin.

Pre-commercial aspen thinning (UPM Blandin)

Utilize pre-commercial thinning in a quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) stand to increase diameter growth and decrease rotation age.

Cover type: Aspen-Birch

Cones protecting tree seedlings from herbivory poke above wetland sedges.

Swamp tree planting using mounding (Fond du Lac)

Restore this wetland to a culturally useful forested condition that is more resilient to human stressors, particularly climate change, than the previous forest.

Cover type: Ash

Mature red and white pine tower over regenerating conifers in the understory.

Comparing Pine Regeneration Methods and Tactics in the Cloquet Valley State Forest (MN DNR)

The goal on all three stands was to decrease the overall abundance of trembling aspen, paper birch, and balsam fir while increasing the abundance of long-lived conifers such as red pine, white pine, white, and black spruce.

Cover type: Pine

These two photos compare exposed tree seedlings to those growing vigorously in a fenced deer exclosure.

Goose Island Deer Repellent Test (US Army Corps)

The objective of the planting was to test the effectiveness of deer fence and animal protein-based deer repellent on growth and survival of swamp white oak and river birch seedlings.

Cover type: Other

Mississippi River Pool 3 Floodplain Forest Silvicultural Trials (US Army Corps of Engineers)

Promote regeneration of floodplain tree species and prevent conversion of site to reed canary grass. Provide wildlife habitat for the next 50 to 100 years.

Cover type: Other

Conditions on part of the study area in 2023, after harvest and patchy blowdown

Variable Overstory Density Management for White Pine Regeneration in Two Native Plant Communities (MN DNR)

Establish or maintain uneven aged pine-mixed hardwood stands with a significant white pine component using natural regeneration.

Cover type: Mixed Woods

Drone imagery of the project area; the slash wall stands out amidst the scattered overstory.

Shelterwood and slash walls to regenerate northern red oak and eastern hemlock (USFS)

Objectives of this stand include a shelterwood harvest, tending of the stand via understory cutting, constructing a slash wall for deer exclusion, and evaluating the effectiveness of excluding deer and the natural regeneration success.

Cover type: Northern hardwoods

Project summer site in 2020, with black walnut in the background.

Direct Seeding of Hardwoods on a Former Agricultural Site with Observations on Soil Compaction (MN DNR)

Improve water quality, wildlife habitat, outdoor recreation opportunities and produce forest products by establishing a mixed hardwood stand on a former agricultural field.

Cover type: Other

A mature red pine forest stands among dense fog and thick layer of ground cover.

Fuels Reduction Thinning in Multi-Aged Red Pine (UMN-CFC)

To lower stand density in a spatially heterogeneous fashion, reduce fuel-loading in a mature stand by disconnecting foliage between the canopy and sub-canopy, and increase aesthetic appeal of a multi-aged red pine stand.

Cover type: Pine

A dozer tears up the ground behind it as it drives through the stand.

Oak Scarification Trials using Good Neighbor Authority (USFS/WDNR)

Promote mixed oak-pine stands for quality sawtimber and wildlife habitat associated with the Northern Dry-Mesic Forest natural community. Test various mechanical scarification techniques to create favorable seedbeds and increase oak and white pine regen.

Cover type: Central hardwoods