Cases: Emerald Ash Borer

A Single Tree Selection Prescription (State of WI)
46.001667, -90.338583
Introduce more structure into the stand and convert it to an uneven-aged stand.
Conversion Harvest in Rich Mesic Northern Hardwood Stand (Stockbridge-Munsee Reservation, WI)
44.869536, -88.904822
To begin conversion of an even-aged sawtimber sized northern hardwood stand to an uneven-aged northern hardwood stand by reducing the basal area to 70-90 ft2/acre (16-21 m2/ha) to promote another age class.
Deer Exclosure Effects on Mesic Oak Forest in St. Croix State Forest (MN DNR)
46.101808, -92.481827
To use a two-cut shelterwood system with deer browse protection (exclosures) to maintain northern red oak as a component of Central Dry-Mesic Oak-Aspen-Red Maple Forest
Evaluating the ecological impacts of EAB and climate change on black ash forests (Chippewa NF)
47.379596, -94.61931
Increase resilience of black ash stands threatened by emerald ash borer (EAB) through regeneration harvests aimed at increasing representation of non-ash species.
Group Selection Harvest with Artificial and Natural Regeneration on a Southern Floodplain Forest Community: Collischan Bottoms Site (MN DNR)
44.5806, -92.6123
Regenerate a mature lowland hardwoods stand to a young stand of similar composition.
Group Selection Harvest with Artificial and Natural Regeneration on a Southern Floodplain Forest Community: Eggleston Site (MN DNR)
44.621295, -92.66885
Regenerate a mature lowland hardwoods stand to a young stand of similar composition.
Harvest and Enrichment Planting to Achieve Species Diversification and Prevent Swamping in a Northern Very Wet Ash Swamp Plant Community (MN DNR)
46.121399, -94.011644
Regenerate a mature ash stand to a more diverse young stand in order to maintain a forested condition, considering imminent invasion by emerald ash borer (EAB) and anticipated climate change impacts on a very wet site.
Increasing Floodplain Resilience in Southeast Minnesota (US Fish and Wildlife Service)
44.212176, -91.921667
Keep the site forested and increase resilience by improving diversity and removing invasive species.
Kettle Lake ash reforestation: tree planting in advance of emerald ash borer (MN DNR)
46.6692, -92.78535
Harvest ash and plant with non-ash species to diversify stand composition in preparation of imminent Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) infestation.
Regeneration and Stand Improvement Results in Bottomland Hardwoods 30 Years after Initial Treatment (MN DNR)
44.600222, -92.625645
Regenerate the mature portion of a lowland hardwoods stand to a young stand of similar composition and improve health and vigor of younger portion of the stand.
Results of 35 years of Lowland Hardwoods Regeneration Efforts on a Floodplain Forest Site in the Vermillion/Mississippi River Bottoms (MN DNR)
44.665304, -92.731634
Regenerate mature lowland hardwood stands to young stands of similar composition.
Sawyer Swamp Hardwood Conversion Trial (WI DNR)
46.116551, -91.3568
To investigate relative performance of species with potential to replace black ash threatened by emerald ash borer.
Swamp tree planting using mounding (Fond du Lac)
46.671551, -92.705598
Restore this wetland to a culturally useful forested condition that is more resilient to human stressors, particularly climate change, than the previous forest.
Underplanting in anticipation of bottomland ash mortality (State of WI)
42.50997, -89.27571
The objective for management is to preserve the bottomland hardwood stand by augmenting advance regeneration prior to overstory mortality due to emerald ash borer (EAB).
Cover type
Adaptive silviculture options
Site preparation method
Soil texture
Silviculture system
Forest health threats
Post-treatment view of a pre-commercial thin.

Pre-commercial aspen thinning (UPM Blandin)

Utilize pre-commercial thinning in a quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) stand to increase diameter growth and decrease rotation age.

Cover type: Aspen-Birch

Cones protecting tree seedlings from herbivory poke above wetland sedges.

Swamp tree planting using mounding (Fond du Lac)

Restore this wetland to a culturally useful forested condition that is more resilient to human stressors, particularly climate change, than the previous forest.

Cover type: Ash

Mature red and white pine tower over regenerating conifers in the understory.

Comparing Pine Regeneration Methods and Tactics in the Cloquet Valley State Forest (MN DNR)

The goal on all three stands was to decrease the overall abundance of trembling aspen, paper birch, and balsam fir while increasing the abundance of long-lived conifers such as red pine, white pine, white, and black spruce.

Cover type: Pine

These two photos compare exposed tree seedlings to those growing vigorously in a fenced deer exclosure.

Goose Island Deer Repellent Test (US Army Corps)

The objective of the planting was to test the effectiveness of deer fence and animal protein-based deer repellent on growth and survival of swamp white oak and river birch seedlings.

Cover type: Other

Mississippi River Pool 3 Floodplain Forest Silvicultural Trials (US Army Corps of Engineers)

Promote regeneration of floodplain tree species and prevent conversion of site to reed canary grass. Provide wildlife habitat for the next 50 to 100 years.

Cover type: Other

Conditions on part of the study area in 2023, after harvest and patchy blowdown

Variable Overstory Density Management for White Pine Regeneration in Two Native Plant Communities (MN DNR)

Establish or maintain uneven aged pine-mixed hardwood stands with a significant white pine component using natural regeneration.

Cover type: Mixed Woods

Drone imagery of the project area; the slash wall stands out amidst the scattered overstory.

Shelterwood and slash walls to regenerate northern red oak and eastern hemlock (USFS)

Objectives of this stand include a shelterwood harvest, tending of the stand via understory cutting, constructing a slash wall for deer exclusion, and evaluating the effectiveness of excluding deer and the natural regeneration success.

Cover type: Northern hardwoods

Project summer site in 2020, with black walnut in the background.

Direct Seeding of Hardwoods on a Former Agricultural Site with Observations on Soil Compaction (MN DNR)

Improve water quality, wildlife habitat, outdoor recreation opportunities and produce forest products by establishing a mixed hardwood stand on a former agricultural field.

Cover type: Other

A mature red pine forest stands among dense fog and thick layer of ground cover.

Fuels Reduction Thinning in Multi-Aged Red Pine (UMN-CFC)

To lower stand density in a spatially heterogeneous fashion, reduce fuel-loading in a mature stand by disconnecting foliage between the canopy and sub-canopy, and increase aesthetic appeal of a multi-aged red pine stand.

Cover type: Pine

A dozer tears up the ground behind it as it drives through the stand.

Oak Scarification Trials using Good Neighbor Authority (USFS/WDNR)

Promote mixed oak-pine stands for quality sawtimber and wildlife habitat associated with the Northern Dry-Mesic Forest natural community. Test various mechanical scarification techniques to create favorable seedbeds and increase oak and white pine regen.

Cover type: Central hardwoods