Deer Exclosure Effects on Mesic Oak Forest in St. Croix State Forest (MN DNR)
Deer exclosure fencing with regenerating oak, aspen and birch
Sawbill Monitoring Project: Inventorying Mixed Woods 10-15 years after Mechanical Site Prep and Planting (USFS)
Brush in the foreground. Young white pine with signs of White pine leaf adelgid with residual overstory sugar maple in the background.
Comparing regeneration results from fall and winter two-step oak shelterwood harvests (MN DNR)
Photo of oak retained after shelterwood establishment cut.
Gullion Clearcut with Reserves for Ruffed Grouse (UMN-CFC)
Comparison of plant diversity and regeneration between adjoining unharvested and harvested mesic hardwood stands in southeastern Minnesota (MN DNR)
Unharvested MHs39 (left) and clearcut with reserves harvest MHs39 (right
Vegetation response 30 years after initiating a two-step oak shelterwood in central mesic hardwoods (MN DNR)
Photo of case study site 30 years after a two-step oak shelterwood was initiated. 3 to 5 inch red oak and maple are shown.
Testing mesh caps for deer browse protection on oak seedlings (MN DNR)
Mesh budcap on an oak seedling
Multi-aged Northern Hardwood Forest (Aitkin County)
Figure 1. Taken in the summer of 2018, the stand has significant structural diversity, but stand growth is being optimized instead of individual tree growth.
Northern Red Oak Shelterwood (Carlton County)
Figure 1. Residual stem density after a shelterwood harvest of a red oak stand that took place in 2013.

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