Comparing regeneration results from fall and winter two-step oak shelterwood harvests (MN DNR)
Photo of oak retained after shelterwood establishment cut.
Gullion Clearcut with Reserves for Ruffed Grouse (UMN-CFC)
Comparison of plant diversity and regeneration between adjoining unharvested and harvested mesic hardwood stands in southeastern Minnesota (MN DNR)
Unharvested MHs39 (left) and clearcut with reserves harvest MHs39 (right
Vegetation response 30 years after initiating a two-step oak shelterwood in central mesic hardwoods (MN DNR)
Photo of case study site 30 years after a two-step oak shelterwood was initiated. 3 to 5 inch red oak and maple are shown.
Testing mesh caps for deer browse protection on oak seedlings (MN DNR)
Mesh budcap on an oak seedling
Multi-aged Northern Hardwood Forest (Aitkin County)
Figure 1. Taken in the summer of 2018, the stand has significant structural diversity, but stand growth is being optimized instead of individual tree growth.
Northern Red Oak Shelterwood (Carlton County)
Figure 1. Residual stem density after a shelterwood harvest of a red oak stand that took place in 2013.
Reserve shelterwood with float disc-trenching naturally regenerates birch and oak (MN DNR)
Treatment 1 showing dense free to grow paper birch.
Paper Birch Regeneration (Minnesota DNR)
Figure 1. Spring 2018 photo showing the current composition of the stand.

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